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Policies

1. Introduction

Please read these instructions carefully and follow them closely to ensure that the review and publication of your paper is as efficient and quick as possible. The Editors reserve the right to return manuscripts that are not in accordance with these instructions.

Ethics in publishing

For information on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see Publication Ethics Statement.

Conflict of interests

Authors must indicate whether or not they have a financial relationship with the organization that sponsored the research as well as disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within two years of beginning the submitted manuscript that could inappropriately influence their work. For more information see Publication Ethics Statement section.

Declaration of submission

Manuscript has not been published before and it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any. The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.

To submit successfuly the authors are requested to fill in the Declaration form and send the scanned copy of this form by email .

Language support

Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but consecutive use one of these required). Manuscripts will be checked by our copyeditors for spelling and formal style. A clear and concise language will help editors and reviewers concentrate on the scientific content of your paper and thus smooth the peer review process. Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English, may want to have their manuscript edited by a native speaker prior to submission. If you feel so, please contact the editing service directly to make arrangements for editing at . However, use of an editing service is neither a requirement nor a guarantee of acceptance for publication.

Formal requirements

Formal requirements include: (1) out of scope problem – when submitted papers have little direct relationship to the JBFE aims and scope; (2) quality problems relating to, e.g.: an analysis that is not sufficiently rigorous or inadequate to the research question being asked; the language, style, or grammar of the manuscript does not conform to accepted standards of scholar writing; the excessive length of the paper – if possible, authors should submit manuscripts that are no longer than about 30 pages, when formatted according to our preparation guidelines presented below; the inappropriate paper layout, prepared without due regard to manuscript preparation guidelines described below; (3) marginality of contribution which the paper makes for the field of research.

Review Process

This journal follows a double-blind reviewing procedure. Submitted papers are first considered by one of the two Editors and then allocated to two referees. If one or more of these turns down the invitation to provide a review, other referees will subsequently be appointed. Normally, at least two authoritative reviews are needed before the Pre- Editor, which may be the Editorial Advisory Board Editor or an Associate Editor who is a specialist in the field of research, can make a decision as to whether to accept, reject, or ask for a revision of the submitted paper.

Reviewing Procedure

All submitted articles are reviewed initially by the Editors (the pre-selection procedure), and those selected in the course of this procedure are forwarded to reviewers.

Each article is reviewed in a double-blind review process by two independent reviewers assigned by Editors.

A review is made in writing and ends with the reviewer’s decision on the rejection or admission for publication.

Upon receipt of the review, the Editorial Board informs the authors about the details of reviewers’ comments on the articles and the final decision on the publication taken by the editor-in-chief.

Criteria for accepting or rejecting a manuscript: matching the subject of the Journal; originality of the research method used and of presenting the subject; reliable presentation of previous research; the quality of own research (if applicable); validity of research/theoretical considerations; correct facts, methodology and reasoning; text contribution to the discipline development; selection of literature.

Editors do not return papers that have not been accepted for publication.

Once a year, the editors include a full list of reviewers on the website.

Reviewers’ Responsibilities

Editorial decisions

The reviewer supports the Editor-in-Chief in taking editorial decisions and may also assist the author in improving his/her work.

Feedback

Each selected reviewer who cannot review the paper or knows that rapid preparation of a review will not be possible should inform the editorial secretary.

Objectivity standards

Reviews should be objective. Personal criticism of the author is deemed inappropriate. Reviewers should clearly express their views, supporting them with appropriate arguments.

Confidentiality

All reviewed papers must be treated as confidential documents. They may not be showed to or discussed with persons other than the authorized editorial secretary.

Anonymity

All reviews are anonymous and the Editorial Board does not make authors’ personal data available to reviewers.

Disclosure and conflict of interest

Confidential information or ideas that emerge as a result of the review must be kept confidential and may not be used for personal benefit. Reviewers should not review works involving a conflict of interest due to the relationship with the author, company or institution connected with the work.

Confirmation of sources

Reviewers should identify publications not referred to by the author of the paper. Any claim that an observation, source or argument has been previously discussed should be supported by an appropriate quotation. The reviewer should also inform the editorial secretary of any significant similarity, partial overlapping of the content of the reviewed paper with any other published work that is known to the reviewer or of suspected plagiarism.

Copyright and open access

The JBFE Publisher requires authors wishing to make their article open access to sign an Open Access Agreement providing for the article to be made available under one of the Creative Commons Licenses in order to meet the terms of open access publication and ensure the widest possible dissemination. The license is currently displayed on https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, The Creative Commons website explains how these license works.

2. Submission procedure

To submit the paper Authors are asked to prepare in the separate documents:

This journal follows a double-blind reviewing procedure. Authors are therefore requested to submit two documents at the time of their submission.

The main document should contain the following elements (in the given order):

  1. Title of the issues to which the papers is submitted
  2. Article title
  3. Abstract (up to 250 words)
  4. JEL Classification (JEL Classification numbers are available here)
  5. Keywords (up to 5)
  6. Introduction, consecutive headings, conclusion(s)
  7. Endnotes
  8. References-bibliography

Title page should include Title of the issues to which the papers is submitted; Article title and information about the author:

  1. name and surname
  2. academic title/degree
  3. affiliation (with a detailed corresponding address)
  4. e-mail address
  5. orcid ID (http://orcid.org)

All material to be considered for publication in Journal of Banking and Financial Economics should be submitted in electronic form via the journal's email: or https://press.wz.uw.edu.pl/jbfe/.

The editorial office of “Journal of Banking and Financial Economics" has been using new Digital Commons' editorial system. Therefore, submission of manuscripts and review process have also been updated.

If you have a Digital Commons account, log in below using the email address and password associated with the account.

https://press.wz.uw.edu.pl/cgi/submit.cgi?context=jbfe

If you do not already have a Digital Commons account, please Sign up. It's fast and free!

Fill in the form to sign up. You will receive an email confirming your request for an account. Once you have confirmed your account, you are all set.

http://press.wz.uw.edu.pl/jbfe

To submit new manuscript, click https://press.wz.uw.edu.pl/cgi/submit.cgi?context=jbfe

If you have any doubts or questions, do not hesitate to ask or use the ready answers in the FAQ.

3. Manuscript format and structure

Manuscripts should be submitted in Word in the JBFE template.

Title Page

The title page should include:

  1. name and surname
  2. academic title/degree
  3. affiliation (with a detailed corresponding address)
  4. e-mail address
  5. orcid ID (http://orcid.org)

Abstract

Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. Citations should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s).

Keywords

Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.

Classification codes

Please provide up to 6 standard JEL codes. The available codes may be accessed at JEL: https://www.aeaweb.org/jel/guide/jel.php.

Text

Sections in the text

  1. Introduction: Describe the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the findings.
  2. Literature review: Detailed literature survey and tendency in research fields.
  3. Methodology and Data: Describe the research methodology and the data sources applied.
  4. Results: Results should be clear and concise. Interpret the results with reference to previously presented research.
  5. Conclusions: The main conclusions and lessons of the study may be presented.
  6. Acknowledgements: place them only if applicable.
  7. References.

Text Formatting

  1. Use a normal, plain font for text.
  2. Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages.
  3. Do not use field functions.
  4. Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.
  5. Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.
  6. Use the equation editor or MathType for equations.
  7. Save your file in docx format (Word 2007 or higher) or doc format (older Word versions).

Manuscripts with mathematical content can also be submitted in LaTeX.

Headings

Please use the decimal system of headings with no more than three levels. Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

Abbreviations

Abbreviations should be defined at first occurrence and introduced only where multiple use is made. Abbreviations are not allowed in headings.

Footnotes

Footnotes should be used sparingly and can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables.

Number footnotes to the text consecutively. Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.

Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.

Acknowledgments

Collate acknowledgements of people, grants, funds, etc., in a separate section before the reference list, and do not include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance, proofreading the article, etc. You should also include in this section declarations about funding sources and the use of artificial intelligence if applicable. Please provide the full names of funding organizations.

Scientific style

Please use the standard mathematical notation for symbols, formulae etc.:

  1. Italic for single letters that denote mathematical variables
  2. Roman/upright for numerals and punctuation, and commonly defined functions or abbreviations, e.g., exp, lim, log, max, min, sin, tan, d (for derivative)

References - citation

Please kindly make bibliographic notes alphabetically according to the name of the first author (works by the same author should be listed in alphabetical order of work titles) in APA-7 standard (see: http://www.apastyle.org/; http://blog.apastyle.org/ or ) https://lib.nmu.edu/help/citation-tools).

Book publications by a single author

  • Name, Name initial. (Year). Title of book. Publisher. DOI number.
  • Example: Smith, J. (2000). Title of the book. Publisher's name. http://doi.org/10.7172/255...

      • Publications with two authors

      • Last name, Initial of first name. & Last name, Initial of first name. (Year). Title of book. Publisher. DOI number.
      • Example: Kowalski. J. & Nowak. A. (2023). Title of book. Publisher's name. http://doi.org/12345...

      Book publications by more than 3 authors

      • Last name, Initial of first name., Last name, Initial of first name. & Last name, Initial of first name. (Year). Book Title. Publisher. DOI number.
      • Example: Kowalski, J., Nowak, J. & Wisniewski, A. (2001). Title of the book. Publisher's name. Book publications by more than 3 authors http://doi.org/10.7172/255...

      Book publications edited

      • Name, Initial of first name.(Editorial.)(Year). Title of book. Publisher. DOI number.
      • Example: Kowalski, J. (Ed.).(2000).Title of the book. Publisher's name.

          • Chapters in book publications

          • Name, Initial of first name. (Year). Title of part of book. In Initial. Name of editor (Editor.), Title of book (p. page range). DOI number.
          • Example: Kowalski, J. (2002).Chapter title. In J. Nowak (Editor), Title of the book (pp. 1-5). name. http://doi.org/10.7172/255...

          Journal articles

          • Name, Name initial. (Year). Title of article. Name of the journal, volume number (issue number), page range. DOI number or URL.
          • Example: Kowalski, J. (2001). Article title. Journal Title, 2(4), 1-5. http://doi.org/10.7172/255....

          Newspaper articles

          • Name, Name initial. (Year, date of publication). Title of article. Name of the newspaper, volume number (issue number), page range. DOI number or URL.
          • Example: Smith, J. (2001, May 7). Article title. Rzeczpospolita, (2654), 6. http://doi.org/10.7172/255....

          Translated book

          • Name, Initial of first name. (Year). Title of the book (Initial of first name, Last name, Translator.). Publisher. (Original was published [year the original was published]). DOI number.
          • Example: Kowalski, A. (2001). Title of the book (B. Nowak, Transl.). Publisher's name. (The original was published in 1999). http://doi.org/10.7172/255...

          Reports

          • Author or company data. (Year). Title of the report (Type and number of the report). Publisher - different from the Author. DOI number or URL
          • Examples: Kowalski, J. (2001). Report title (Type and number of report). Central Statistical Office. http://doi.org/10.7172/255... Central Statistical Office. (2002). Report title (Type and number of report). http://doi.org/10.7172/255

          Unpublished scientific papers

          • Name, Initial of first name. (Year). Name of work [Unpublished type of work]. University.
          • Example: Kowalski, J. (2001). Title of work [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. University of Warsaw.

          Online sources

          • Name, Name initial. (Date of publication). Name of material. Name of the site. URL.
          • Example: Smith, J. (2001). Article title. Virtual. https://www.nik.gov.pl/najnowsze-informacje-o-wynikach-kontroli/.

          Internet sources regularly updated or without date of publication

          • Name, Initial of first name. (Date of publication). Name of the material. Name of the site. Downloaded date from URL.
          • Example: Nowak. J. (n.d.) Title. Facebook. Downloaded June 21, 2005 from https://www.facebook.com/

          For each position in the bibliography, the author is obliged to include the DOI number assigned to it (if he has one) (http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/).

          Electronic Figure Submission

          1. Please send all figures electronically.
          2. Name your figure files with "Figure" and the figure number, e.g., Figure1.

          Figure Numbering

          1. All figures are to be numbered using Arabic numerals and cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
          2. Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
          3. Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).
          4. If an appendix appears in your article and it contains one or more figures, continue the consecutive numbering of the main text. Do not number the appendix figures, "A1, A2, A3, etc.

          Figure Lettering

          1. To add lettering, it is best to use Helvetica or Arial (sans serif fonts).
          2. Keep lettering consistently sized throughout your final-sized artwork, usually about 2–3 mm (8–12 pt). Variance of type size within an illustration should be minimal, e.g., do not use 8-pt type on an axis and 20-pt type for the axis label.
          3. Avoid effects such as shading, outline letters, etc.
          4. Do not include titles or captions within your illustrations.

          Figure Captions

          1. Each figure should have a concise caption describing accurately what the figure depicts.
          2. Figure captions begin with the term Figure followed by the figure number in bold type.
          3. No punctuation is to be included after the number.
          4. Identify all elements found in the figure in the figure caption; and use boxes, circles, etc., as coordinate points in graphs.
          5. Please identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference citation at the end of the figure caption.

          Figure Placement and Size

          1. The size figures should fit in the column width.
          2. The best fitted is 39 mm, 84 mm, 129 mm, or 174 mm wide and not higher than 234 mm.

          4. Author inquiries

          For inquiries relating to the submission of manuscripts (including electronic submission) please visit this journal's homepage. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article will be provided by the publisher.