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ORCID

Francesco Spera – 0000-0002-3714-8012

Keywords

AI; Generative AI; REPowerEU; EU Energy Law; Digital Transformation; AI Act

Abstract

This contribution examines the potential and challenges of utilising AI, particularly generative AI, to accelerate the energy transition. To achieve this, the study considers the application of GenAI within the REPowerEU framework. The plan highlights the transformative role of digital technologies such as AI, IoT, data analytics, and cloud computing in orchestrating energy assets and improving grid management. In this context, GenAI has emerged as a revolutionary paradigm, enhancing system intelligence and efficiency. The paper assesses the deployment of GenAI under the REPowerEU legal framework, including the AI Act and sector-specific energy legislation. The contribution identifies the dual legal basis under Articles 114 and 194 TFEU as a possible legal legitimization for the employment of GenAI and analyses the implications of secondary legislation, concluding with the legal challenges posed by GenAI's classification as high-risk under the AI Act.

Acknowledgements

Funding

This article received no funding.

Declaration of Conflict of Interests

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and publication of this article.

Declaration about the scope of AI utilisation

The author did not use AI in the preparation of this article.

Page Count

24

Received Date

07.05.2025

Accepted Date

27.08.2025

DOI

10.7172/1689-9024.YARS.2025.19.33.1

JEL Code

K32; K23; L94; O33

Publisher

University of Warsaw

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